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Kadua parvula

A.Gray (1860)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Gentianales Family: Rubiaceae Genus: Kadua

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Small, erect to sprawling, glabrous, many-branched shrubs.

Stems: Stems 4–angled or 4–costate, 1–3(–4) dm long.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite, usually closely spaced and overlapping, not becoming reduced above. Blades lanceolate to ovate–cordate, 1–4 cm long, 0.7–2.3 cm wide. Surfaces glabrous, Blades coriaceous. Margins entire, slightly revolute. Lateral veins strongly ascending. Petioles 0–0.2 cm long. Stipules deltate, strongly carinate, 2–3 mm long, apex mucronate.

Flowers: Flowers in narrow corymbose inflorescences, sometimes several on contiguous branches giving the appearance of 1 larger inflorescence, pedicels 2-8 mm long, inflorescences subtended by a pair of cordate bracts 0.6-1.5 cm long; hypanthium turbinate to cup–shaped, 1-1.5 mm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect) or pistillate. Calyx 4-5-lobed, lobes weakly foliaceous, bluntly ovate, 1–4 mm long, 1–2 mm wide, often variable in size on a single plant, enlarging to 4.5–5.5 mm long in fruit. Corolla 4-5-lobed, white, tinged purplish pink toward tips, fleshy, salverform–funnelform, the tube 8–11 mm long, the limb not quadrangular in bud, but apex depressed, the lobes 5–6 mm long, inflexed; nectary disc present. Stamens as many as and alternate with the corolla lobes, sessile, attached slightly below corolla throat; anthers sessile or on short filaments, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary inferior or partly so, 2(-4)-locular; ovules few to numerous on fleshy placentas near middle of septum; style as many as carpels, cylindrical to filiform, enlarged in upper part, woolly pubescent near middle (hairs long and crinkly), slightly 2–lobed, terminal; stigma bilobed or subcapitate, included or exserted.

Fruit: Capsules subglobose; ca. 3.3–4 mm long; ca. 3.5–4 mm in diameter; dehiscing loculicidally across disk; later ca. ½ to base; pyrenes separating septicidally; endocarp moderately sclerified; disk slightly raised. Seeds dull brown; subpeltate; bluntly angled; darkly granulate under high magnification; with well-developed oily endosperm; or endosperm occasionally scanty or absent.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Known only from on and at base of cliff faces; rock outcrops; and ledges.

Elevation Range: 715–825 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Only found in cultivation
O'ahu Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 4: 317 (1860)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1148 (O [as Hedyotis parvula]); Terrell et al. 2005:833/Kennedy et al. 2010:24 (NOM:Syn. H. parvula)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oahu US
2 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Perlman, S. P.; Garnett, W. 1978 Oahu US 8/2/1992
3 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Talus north facing Metrosideros forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2168 Oahu PTBG 12/3/1992
4 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 10768 NY 1/19/1936
5 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Perlman, S. P.; Obata, J. 1933 Oahu US 5/19/1992
6 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros polymorpha Lowland Mesic Forest w/ Mesic cliffs PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2629 Oahu PTBG 6/24/1993
7 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Dunn, L. 157 Kauai US 4/3/2003
8 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D. H.; Nishek, B. 8816 Kauai US 11/9/2001
9 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN l. m. dunn 157 Kauai US 4/3/2003
10 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman & k. wood 14059 Oahu US 3/3/1994
11 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 10768 Oahu US 1/19/1936
12 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN D. H. Lorence & B. Nishek 8816 Kauai US 11/9/2001
13 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener, j. kepaa & r. northwood 12808 Oahu US 5/1/1940
14 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Greenwell, A. B.; Kerr, M. 20418 Oahu US 11/7/1949
15 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R. 2484 Oahu US 4/7/1993
16 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN L. M. Dunn 156 Kauai US 4/3/2003
17 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Wood, K. 14059 Oahu US 3/3/1994
18 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN e. y. hosaka 359 Oahu US 3/22/1931
19 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Kepaa, J.; Northwood, R. 12808 Oahu US 5/1/1940
20 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E. Y. 359 Oahu US 3/22/1931
21 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, s. p. perlman & j. obata 1933 Oahu US 5/19/1992
22 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, s. p. perlman & w. garnett 1978 Oahu US 8/2/1992
23 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood 2484 Oahu US 4/7/1993
24 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman, k. wood, j. obata & r. kennedy 14538 Oahu US 11/16/1994
25 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman & k. wood 13525 Oahu US 4/7/1993
26 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Dunn, L. 156 Kauai US 4/3/2003
27 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Wood, K. 13525 Oahu US 4/7/1993
28 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R. 2629 Oahu US 6/24/1993
29 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence & b. nishek 8816 Kauai US 11/9/2001
30 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN dunn, l. collector number: 156 Kauai BISH 4/3/2003
31 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN l. m. dunn 156 Kauai US 4/3/2003
32 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Wood, K.; Obata, J.; Kennedy, R. 14538 Oahu US 11/16/1994
33 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 17483 Oahu PTBG 3/29/2001
34 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information sunny ledge on face of basalt cliff, 10' below crest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 25279 Oahu BISH 1/10/1954
35 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN montgomery, s.l. obata, j. collector number: s.n. Hawaii BISH 5/25/1980
36 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On exposed ridge, slightly off ridge top and under a slight canopy of Canthium, assoc. w/ Artemisia & Plectranthus; PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Montgomery, S.L. s.n. Oahu BISH 5/25/1980
37 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 25279 Oahu BISH
38 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Assoc. w/ Dubautia sherffiana, Bidens torta, Hedyotis schlechtendahliana, Eragrostis variabilis, Elaphoglossum hirtum, Peperomia tetraphylla, Carex wahuensis, Styphelia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 1933 Oahu BISH 5/19/1992
39 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Pritchardia coastal mesic forest; Digiteria insularis, Ficus microcarpa, Hiptus pectinata, Kalanchoe, Pluchia, Lantana PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener, a. b. greenwell & m. kerr 20418 Molokai US 11/7/1949
40 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN L. M. Dunn 157 Kauai US 4/3/2003
41 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Dunn, L. Collector Number: 157 Kauai BISH 4/3/2003
42 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN perlman, s.p. wood, k.r. collector number: 13252 Maui BISH 4/7/1993
43 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Dunn, L. 157 Kauai BISH 4/3/2003
44 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hosaka, e.y. collector number: 359 Oahu BISH 5/22/1931
45 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information E facing cliff, Metrosideros mesic lowland cliffs with Artemisia, Bidens, Phyllanthus, Dodonaea, Viola, Tetramolopium, Lysimachia, Dubautia, Carex, Sophora, Schinus, Grevillea, Ageratina, Hedyotis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 13252 Oahu BISH 4/7/1993
46 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Sunny, rather dry ledges & cliffs near top PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 10768 Oahu BISH 1/19/1936
47 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Sunny, rather dry ledges & cliffs near top PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. park, k.; potter, c.; bush, w.; topping, d.l. collector number: 10768 Oahu BISH 1/19/1936
48 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E.Y. 359 Oahu BISH 5/22/1931
49 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. Nishek, B. Collector Number: 8816 Kauai BISH 11/9/2001
50 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Assoc. w/ Dubautia sherffiana, Bidens torta, Hedyotis schlechtendahliana, H. acuminata, Eragrostis variabilis, Elaphoglossum hirtum, Peperomia tetraphylla, Carex wahuensis, Styphelia, Plantago princep var.; Threats: Lantana, Grevillea, Myrica, Passiflora suberosa, Ageratina adenophora PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. perlman, s.; garnett, w. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 7/2/1992
51 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On near inaccessible cliffs occasionally cloud-swept. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. greenwell, a.; kerr, m. collector number: 20418 Oahu BISH 11/7/1949
52 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hume, e.p. collector number: 115 Oahu BISH 3/22/1931
53 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Assoc. w/ Dubautia sherffiana, Bidens torta, Hedyotis schlechtendahliana, H. acuminata, Eragrostis variabilis, Elaphoglossum hirtum, Peperomia tetraphylla, Carex wahuensis, Styphelia, Plantago princep var.; Threats: Lantana, Grevillea, Myrica, Passiflora suberosa, Ageratina adenophora PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. s.n. Oahu BISH 7/2/1992
54 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dry region. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN koike, m. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 3/22/1931
55 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information sunny ledge on face of basalt cliff, 10' below crest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 25279 Oahu BISH 1/10/1954
56 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Dunn, L. Collector Number: 156 Kauai BISH 4/3/2003
57 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On near inaccessible cliffs occasionally cloud-swept. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 20418 Oahu BISH 11/7/1949
58 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hume, E.P. 115 Oahu BISH 3/22/1931
59 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hillebrand, W.B. s.n. Oahu BISH
60 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Assoc. w/ Dubautia sherffiana, Bidens torta, Hedyotis schlechtendahliana, Eragrostis variabilis, Elaphoglossum hirtum, Peperomia tetraphylla, Carex wahuensis, Styphelia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. perlman, s.; obata, j. collector number: 1933 Oahu BISH 5/19/1992
61 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Open forest on dry ridge east of the valley with Dodonaea eriocarpa, Reynoldsia, Diospyros. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN dunn, l. collector number: 157 Oahu BISH 4/3/2003
62 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. nishek, b. collector number: 8816 Hawaii BISH 11/9/2001
63 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Dunn, L. 156 Kauai BISH 4/3/2003
64 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 8816 Kauai BISH 11/9/2001
65 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information below vertical rock face, under Dodonaea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Obata, J.K. 85-564 Oahu BISH 7/7/1985
66 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hillebrand, w.b. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH
67 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information ornamental PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. 10768 CM 6/19/1936
68 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Sunny, rather dry ledges and cliffs near top PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener, k. k. park, w. bush, potter & d. l. topping 10768 GH 1/19/1936
69 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Liloa Dunn 156 Kauai PTBG 4/3/2003
70 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Native dominated cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 14059 Oahu PTBG 3/3/1994
71 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Liloa Dunn 157 Kauai PTBG 4/3/2003
72 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On Metrosideros-Artemisia cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 14538 Oahu PTBG 11/16/1994
73 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2484 Oahu PTBG 4/7/1993
74 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland mesic forest and cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 1933 Oahu PTBG 5/19/1992
75 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 8816 Kauai PTBG 11/9/2001
76 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Lowland mesic forest and cliffs PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 1978 Oahu PTBG 7/2/1992
77 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros mesic lowland cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 13525 Oahu PTBG 4/7/1993
78 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dry region. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Koike, M. s.n. Oahu BISH 3/22/1931
79 Kadua parvula A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information below vertical rock face, under Dodonaea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN obata, j.k. perlman, s.; hill, r.; mayer, s. collector number: 85-564 Oahu BISH 7/7/1985
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